There are many of oceanic plates in the ocean. So, what are the characteristics of oceanic plates? Therefore below here, there are 17 characteristics of oceanic plates. Before that, we should know what is the oceanic plate is. The oceanic plate is a plate located under the ocean, with a thickness of about 10 km. Oceanic plates are generally below sea level like some of the Pacific plates.
The formation of oceanic plates is thick on some oceanic backs. In the middle back of the ocean, magma erupts into the ocean where the crack zone lies. The addition of new rocks is then pushed the horizontal plate first created away from the cracks. The oceanic plate consists of oceanic crust. Its surface is enveloped by marine sediments derived from land which is granitic because it comes from the weathering of the continent.
The oceanic plates are divided into two crustal plates, they are large and small plates. The large plate is a plate that covers one ocean floor even covering the oceans and continents. Each of big plate is bounded by a mid-oceanic ridge, ocean trench, and ocean ridge. Therefore the small pate is formed by the convergence of the large plate. The characteristics of these small plates are to have fast and complex movements.
See Also :
There are 17 characteristics of oceanic plates below here refer to the crustal plates, movement, and plates boundary. So, these are the 17 characteristics of oceanic plates which are the major of large and small of crustal plates.
The 90 percent of the world’s earthquakes and 81 percent of the world’s largest earthquakes occur in the region. Tsunamis are generated by large earthquakes and that is the reason 90 percents of the world’s tsunamis also occur in the Pacific Ocean.
In the Pacific ocean, it’s surround by large and small crustal plates. The plate movement in Pacific plate is caused by subduction zone that causes tsunamis, volcanoes to erupt and large earthquakes in each subduction zones.One the great example of volcanoes eruption is Mount Pinatubo in 1992. It’s an example of a composite volcano, this volcano is fueled by hot spots and spreading ridges where molten rock from the upper mantle flows out on the ocean floors creating basalt rocks.
Some of them include the United Kingdom, Japan, Philippines and Sri Lanka. The Eurasian plates have surrounding many of tectonic plates; on the South is Arabian Plate, on the East is Phillippine Plate, on the west and southwest are North American Plate and African Plate.
This plate moves north two centimeters every one year, it’s the third slowest-moving plate, behind the North American and South American tectonic plates. It is movement created by the flow of magma beneath the Earth’s surface. The magma will heat up and boils and then it creates convection of currents.
Its convections are magma heating, rising and then cooling when it hits the ocean water by creating new rock. Eurasian plates are moving with apart which is caused by spreading or rift valleys. Then, the new crusted is created by magma pushing up from the mantle, due to pressure and it will be colled down when contact with the ocean water.The example of the convergent boundary is like Iceland, The eruption was due to two plates converging and the magma also rising from the mantle due to pressure.
As the Indo-African boundary is divergent. The western Indo-Arabia boundary is transformed boundary which is lateral relative to each other giving rise. The boundaries of this plates are moving mostly in a circle. Though it’s trying to move Northeast, the other plates are pushing back and it’s rotating slightly.
The most common results of the Indian plate interacts with other plates are mountains, earthquakes, and occasional volcanoes. The Indian plate is still active and drifts at a velocity of about five centimeters per year, earthquakes occur in the northern part of the plate. The largest recorded earthquake occurred near New Delhi in 1950 and had a magnitude of 8.5.
The boundary of Indo-Australian plates most are convergent. The evidence example of the convergent boundary is between Indo-Australian and Eurasian plate that created the Himalayas that are southern parts of Asia.
The Indo Australian plates are changes over time because the northeastern part of the plate formed a convergent boundary with the Pacific plate. The Indo Australian plates which have led to the formation of the Indonesian islands. The earth is changing if islands are forming.The Indonesian great earthquakes in Sumatra is the result of the northern movement of the Australian plate beneath Eurasia.
The African plate is bounded by the Red Sea Rift where the Arabian plate is moving away from the African Plate. There is largest volcanoes eruption in 2002 at Mount Nyiragongo in the Democratic The Republic of Congo.
The volcano erupted along fractures on the southern flanks. The lava flows reaching the nearby of the city of Goma, it left 120,000 people homeless. The African plate is known as the largest seismically active rift, it trends North until South parallel to the rift system. That’s why in here many big earthquakes happen.
The North America plate moves roughly a southwest direction away from the Mid Atlantic Ridge. There are a few hotspots found in here, the most notable hotspots are the Yellowstone (Wyoming), Raton (New Mexico), and Anaheim (British Columbia).
These are taught to be caused by a narrow stream of hot mantle convecting up from the Earth’s core-mantle boundary called a mantle plume. The Yellowstone and Anaheim hotspots are still geologically active to creating the earthquakes and volcanoes.
The South American plate is one of the plates Pangea broke apart.It’s happened 200 million years ago which caused plate movements. South American and Nazca plates share the longest convergent boundary on earth, Andes Mountains.
Moreover, it extends over 700 km and it’s currently home to more than 200 potentially active volcanoes as South American Plate.
The Antartic plate is bounded almost entirely by extensional mid-oceanic ridge systems.The adjoining plates are Nazca Plate, South American Plate, African Plate, Somali Plate, Indo-Australian Plate, Pacific Plate and across a transform boundary, the Scotia Plate.
There are two large earthquakes recent past, they are on May 22nd, 1960 that earthquake near Valdivia was 9.5 on the magnitude scale and on February 27th,2010 that in the Maule Region of Chile was an 8.8 magnitude earthquake. The other large earthquake that is happened on June 9th,1994 in the region of the Amazon forest and it recorded at the depth over 300 km.
The Arabian plate consists of the Arabian Peninsula that extends the northward to Turkey. The Arabian Plate is important because it incorporates most of the world’s oil receive, then in structures, the Arabian plate includes a wide range and subvariety of all the three rock types, the igneous, the metamorphic and the sedimentary rocks.
In the Arabian plate, there is divergent, it’s the three main tectonic boundaries. The boundaries which include the Red Sea and Gulf Aden, Zagros-Taurus and the Dead Sea respectively. At Arabian Plate there is a mud volcano in the Arabian Sea, it is noticed by the Pakistani fishers. It formed underwater when the layers of clay become pressurized either by a build of hydrocarbon gases or by tectonic activity. The sediments that form Pakistan’s coastal plains and an offshore slope are been subducted by the Arabian Plate under the Eurasian landmass.
The Southern of Caribbean plate interacts with the South American Plate and the western of the plate includes Central America. Between the Caribbean plate, there is the Borth American Plate which is a transform boundary and a subduction zone.
In Puerto Rico, there are trenches and it runs between the plates and it’s the deepest part of the Atlantic Ocean. The deep of trench is 8,400 meters deep. The Caribbean side of the trench is Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands.
It consists of several microplates squeezed in between two convergent plate margins. There are two subduction zones in Philippines plate, they are Manila Trench, Northwestern and Philippine Trench, Southeastern.
The two of that zones are active subduction zones. The volcanoes in the Philippines which are considered as one of the deadliest in the world because they sit above subduction zones. The popular volcanoes that ever eruptions are Taal Volcano, Mount Pinatubo, and Mayon Vulcano.
This plate is made of oceanic crust and continental fragments and that distributed around the Scotia Sea. Before the formation of the plate began 40 million years ago, these fragments formed a continuous landmass from Patagonia to the Arctic Peninsula along an active subduction margin. The Scotia Plate is bounded by the South American Plate forming the North Scotia Ridge.
The North Scotia ridge is a left lateral transform boundary with a transform rate of thoroughly 7.1 mm per year. Besides the southern edge of the plate is bordered by Antartic Plate. It sliding at rate 7.4-9.5 mm per year that occupies the southern half of the Antartic Scotia plate boundary. One of the most prominent features in the Scotia plate itself is the median valley known as the West Scotia ridge The ridge consists of seven segments separated by right lateral transform offsets of various lengths.
There is an island on Cocos Plate its name is the Cocos Island and it’s also the part of Costa Rica. There is no volcanoes or earthquakes. Besides, there is a hotspot located on the Galapagos Island which is the right on the boundary of the Cocos, Nazca, and Pacific Plate.
This plate is composed of undisturbed oceanic crust, with only some regions that are structurally complex, it’s along with Cocos and Rivera plate. There is ever the strongest earthquakes in the history of Mexico which occurred on June 3, 1992, in the state of Jalisco. The quake had a magnitude of 8.2 with magnitude 7.8 aftershock, both of which caused widespread casualties and damaged.
Hopefully, this information about 17 characteristics of oceanic planes will help you to know what is the characteristic each plate in all over the worlds.
See Also :
As we know, the climate division exists around the world is divided by latitude. From…
If we’re talking about temperature, surely we will distinguish it into two kinds: hot and…
Nature provides all kinds of sources of life needed by living creatures, including humans. As…
Almost in every region located between the tectonic plates meeting will surely experience a vibration,…
Forest is known as a place of various living creature species, both plants and animals.…
As an archipelago, Indonesia certainly has thousands of islands stretching from Sabang to Merauke. Not…